Search results for "Strongyloidea"
showing 3 items of 3 documents
Life history adjustments to intestinal inflammation in a gut nematode.
2017
ABSTRACT Many parasitic nematodes establish chronic infections. This implies a finely tuned interaction with the host immune response in order to avoid infection clearance. Although a number of immune interference mechanisms have been described in nematodes, how parasites adapt to the immune environment provided by their hosts remains largely unexplored. Here, we used the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus to investigate the plasticity of life history traits and immunomodulatory mechanisms in response to intestinal inflammation. We adopted an experimental model of induced colitis and exposed worms to intestinal inflammation at two different developmental stages (larvae and …
Novel Pulmonary Vasculitis with Splendore-Hoeppli Reaction in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) Associated with Otostrongylus circumlitus Infection.
2019
Summary Lungworm infection in seals is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, inducing bronchopneumonia and affecting population dynamics in some areas of the world. We present a series of cases of lungworm infection in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) associated with novel, significant and unusual pulmonary vascular changes. Grey seals (n = 180) that were stranded, in rehabilitation or in long-term captivity in the UK were subjected to post-mortem examination between 2012 and 2018. Lung tissue was collected from 47 individuals for histopathological examination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded (FFPE) material was attempted for parasite iden…
Insect Immune Evasion by Dauer and Nondauer Entomopathogenic Nematodes
2021
The immune response of animals, including insects, is overcome by some parasites. For example, dauer larvae (DL) of the obligate entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) Heterorhabditis and Steinernema can invade insects, evade their defenses, and cause death. Although DL were long assumed to be the only infective stage of nematodes, recent reports suggest that L2-L3 larvae of facultative EPNs are also capable of killing insects. There are no studies, to our knowledge, about the role of nonimmunological barriers (the exoskeleton and its openings) in avoiding infection by DL and L2-L3 larvae, or whether these larval stages evade the host immune system in the same way. The objective of this study wa…